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However, Qakbot routinely receives updates in response to published security research so that it can mask its known indicators of compromise (IOCs) and make it difficult for security teams to hunt for this threat with confidence. Qakbot leverages that functionality to auto-start itself, which facilitates persistence on a system.

Registry run keys facilitate automatic program execution upon user log-in or system start-up. One potential indictor of a Qakbot compromise is an unauthorized run key in the Windows Registry. Another Qakbot stealth strategy is injecting itself (or piggybacking) into legitimate application processes. This allows Qakbot to conceal itself and prevents security researchers from discovering and analyzing the payload. The malware persists in a local system environment and will not decrypt its payload or execute in some scenarios, such as when it detects virtualization, certain security products, or specific Windows Registry keys. Qakbot routinely defies antivirus (AV) systems, making its presence difficult to spot. However, in recent months, Qakbot has successfully infected networks via Microsoft OneNote files (.one file extension) and HTML application files (.hta file extension).įigure 1: Qakbot Distribution Vectors Qakbot Detection Challenges

From 2020 through 2022, Qakbot has leveraged a variety of infection vectors that originate in malware phishing campaigns (Figure 1). This blog post analyzes two new distribution vectors Qakbot uses for initial infection of targeted systems. Attackers can also use Qakbot to steal credentials by logging keystrokes.

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Qakbot’s modules allow automated targeting of financial data, locally stored emails, system passwords or password hashes, website passwords, and cookies from web browser caches.

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Qakbot also provides remote code execution (RCE) capabilities, allowing attackers to manually achieve secondary objectives, such as scanning the compromised network or injecting ransomware. It is a self-propagating virus designed to steal sensitive data on target networks. Qakbot (aka Qbot or Pinkslipbot) is a banking trojan first discovered in 2008.